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| ACCESSORIAL CHARGE
- A
charge assessed in addition to ocean freight (charges), i.e., stuffing
charges, loose cargo charge, terminal charges.
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| AD VALOREM -
Latin for "According to the value". When a shipper wishes to
increase the liability of a carrier beyond the liability stated in the terms
of the bill of lading, he places the actual value of the cargo in block 23 of
the bill of lading. The carrier is then liable for the value of the cargo and
charges a higher rate accordingly based on the value.
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| AGENT - One
who negotiates contracts, or acts in the legal capacity of another party. |
| ALTERNATE PORT
- Port offered by service where the vessel does not physically call. The cargo
will be trucked or railed to or from the load or discharge port. The truck or
rail portion is at the expense of carrier.
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| ARRIVAL NOTICE
- A document sent to a consignee or their agent by a carrier informing them
that a shipment has arrived. |
| BILL OF LADING
- A document signed by the agents or owners of a vessel, furnishing written
evidence for the conveyance and delivery of merchandise sent by sea to a
certain destination. It is both a receipt for merchandise and a contract to
deliver it as freight.
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| BONDED GOODS
- Dutiable goods upon which excise duty has not been paid,i.e., goods in
transit or warehoused pending use. The bond is the agreement entered into by
the owner of the dutiable goods with Customs and the excise authority in which
the owner promises to pay the duty when the goods are released for final
distribution or use. |
| BOOKING -
Arrangements made by a shipper or forwarder with the carrier to reserve space
on a vessel for the carriage of cargo. |
| BREAKBULK CARGO -
General cargo conventionally stevedored and stowed as opposed to bulk,
unitized, or containerized cargo. |
| BROKER -
One who arranges transportation and/or clearing of cargo without actually
performing the transportation |
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| CARRIER
- An individual, company, or corporation engaged in the transportation of
goods.
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| CHASSIS - Special trailer or undercarriage on which containers are moved
over-the-road.
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| CLEAN BILL OF LADING
- A bill of lading issued by the carrier on which no exceptions have been
noted concerning the packaging or condition of the cargo in whole or in part.
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| COMMODITY - Type of article shipped.
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| CONFERENCE - An association of steamship carriers operating within the same specific
trade route who have joined together to set rates and rules to be adhered to
by all members.
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| CONSIGNEE -
The individual or firm receiving shipped goods; often the owner of the cargo,
when purchase is made FOB, country of export. |
| CONSIGNOR -
The individual or firm shipping the goods. More commonly referred to as the
shipper. |
| CONSOLIDATED
CARGO - Cargo, consisting of shipments from two or more shippers, usually
shipped by a firm called a consolidator. These shipments are made by the
consolidator to take advantage of lower FCL rates; parts of these savings are
usually passed on to the shipper. |
| CONNECTING
CARRIER - A carrier who has a direct connection with another carrier,
under which freight is moved in joint-line service. |
| CONTAINER - A
single, rigid, non-disposable dry cargo, ventilated, insulated, reefer, flat rack,
vehicle rack, or open top container; with or without wheels or bogies
attached; not less than 20 feet in length; having a closure or
permanently-hinged door that allows ready access to the cargo. All types of
containers will have construction and fittings, able to withstand, without
permanent distortion, all the stresses that may be applied in normal use
during continuous transportation. An ISO container is constructed to the
specifications of the International Standards Organization. |
| CONTAINER FREIGHT
STATION (CFS) - The physical facility where goods are received by carrier
for loading into containers or unloading from containers and where carrier may
assemble, hold, or store its containers or trailers. |
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| CONTRABAND - Cargo which is prohibited by law.
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| CURRENCY ADJUSTMENT
FACTOR - A percentage charge applied against the freight that adjusts the rate to
account for a change in the valuation of the currency.
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| CUSTOMS - A Government authority designated to regulate the flow of goods to and from
a country and to collect duties levied by a country on imports and or exports.
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| CY - Container Yard
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| CY/CY
- Full container load with cargo to be packed therein and unpacked there from
at the shipper's elected point or place and at shipper's expense.
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| DEMURRAGE - Penalty
charged shippers by receivers of freight usually at a stated sum per day for
detention beyond the free time provided for loading or unloading. |
| DETENTION -
Compensation assessed against a shipper for the delayed return of carrier's
equipment beyond allowable free time. This is usually equipment picked up by
the shipper at the load port for the purpose of stuffing the container for
shipment and held at the shipper's plant or warehouse for an excessive period
of time. Detention charges may also be assessed against the consignee who
fails to return stripped containers to the carriers within allowable free
time. |
| DOCK RECEIPT - A
receipt given for a shipment received or delivered at a pier or dock. When
delivery of a foreign shipment is completed, the dock receipt is surrendered
to the transportation line and a Bill of Lading is issued. |
| DOCUMENTATION CHARGE
- Fee charged shipper/consignee when the Bill of Lading is prepared by the
carrier. |
| DOOR TO DOOR - A
container fully loaded by the shipper is delivered intact to the consignee. |
| DRAYAGE - Charge
assessed for local hauling of cargo.
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| EDI -
Electronic Data Interchange.
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| EIR -
Equipment Interchange Report - A document executed by a truck carrier and
a terminal transferring possession of a container or chassis from one to the
other, and showing equipment condition at time of transfer. |
| FAK -
Freight of all kinds. Usually refers to consolidated cargo. |
| FCL/FCL
- Same as CY/CY. Full container load with cargo to be packed therein and
unpacked therefrom at the shipper's elected point or place and at shipper's
expense. |
| FEU -
Forty-foot equivalent unit. A term used in indicating container vessel or
terminal capacity. Two 20-foot containers equal one FEU. |
| FREE
ON BOARD (F.O.B) - The goods are placed on board a ship by the seller at a
port of shipment named in the sales contract. The risk of loss or damage to
the goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the
ship's rail. |
| HEAVY
LIFT CHARGE - A charge assessed in addition to ocean freight charges
when cargo is too heavy to be handled by normal means, necessitating the use
of special cranes. |
| HOUSE
TO HOUSE - Same as door-to-door. A container fully loaded by the shipper
is delivered intact to the consignee. |
| HOUSE
TO PIER - A type of service where a container is stuffed by the shipper's
facility and stripped at the carrier's facility. |
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| IN
BOND -Term applied to the status of merchandise admitted provisionally
to a country without payment of duties either for storage in a bonded
warehouse or for transshipment to another point where duties will eventually
be imposed and paid. |
| INTERMODAL
- Used to denote ability of containers to change mode of
transport from rail to truck to ship, in any order. |
| INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS ORGANIZATION (ISO) - Worldwide organization formed to promote
development of standards to facilitate the international carriage and exchange
of goods and service and to develop mutual cooperation in the spheres of
intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic activities. |
| INVOICE
- A commercial document in a form consistent with the trade identifying both
buyer and seller, reflecting the price actually paid or payable, the terms of
sale, the currency used for payment, the articles sold, and other specific
information required for duty assessment purposes. |
| KILOGRAM
- 2.2046 pounds - commonly referred to as kilo (KG). |
| LCL/FCL
- Same as CFS/CY. Full container loads stuffed and stripped at the carrier's
expense. |
| LETTER
OF CREDIT - A letter of agreement issued by a bank stating that a
purchaser has established a line of credit in the seller's favor and
confirming that payment will be made upon presentation of certain documents,
provided that all documents are in agreement with the provisions of the letter
of credit. |
| LIFT
ON/LIFT OFF (LOLO) - Cargo loaded or unloaded by either ship or shore
cranes. |
| LOGISTICS
- The management of both inbound and outbound materials, parts, supplies, and
finished goods. Includes such activities as; production scheduling,
forecasting, customer service, order entry, inventory control, and product
allocation among customers. |
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| MARKS
& NUMBERS - Marks and/or numbers placed on cargo to identify the
shipper, forwarder, and destination; marks to identify the cargo during
sorting. |
|
NVOCC (Non-vessel Operating Common
Carrier) - A carrier defined by maritime law, offering an international cargo
transport service through the use of underlying carriers and under one's own
rate structure in accordance with tariffs. |
| NIT
- Not In Trailer |
| NOS
- Not Otherwise Specified - A term used to indicate a lack of a specific named
commodity in a tariff or in the regulations governing the carriage of
hazardous cargo. |
| PACKING
LIST - Usually issued in conjunction with a suppliers invoice
detailing the types of merchandise ,size and quantity per shipping unit. |
| PAID
BY AGENT - A charge on the bill of lading that a carrier collects for a
freight forwarder and, hence, reimburses him. |
| PHYTOSANITARY
INSPECTION CERTIFICATE - A certificate issued by the US Department of
Agriculture to satisfy import regulations of foreign countries indicating that
a U.S. shipment has been inspected and is free from harmful pests and plant
diseases. |
| PIER -
The location in a seaport at which cargo arrives or departs. A dock for
loading or unloading ships or vessels. A type of wharf running at an angle
with the shoreline of a body of water. |
| PIER
TO HOUSE - A container loaded at the carrier's facility and delivered
fully intact to the consignee. |
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| PIER
TO PIER - A container that is stuffed at the carrier's facility and
stripped at the destination by the carrier's facility. |
| RAMP
- Railroad term used to describe an intermodal terminal. |
| ROLL
ON/ROLL OFF (RORO) - Direct drive-on and drive-off of highway trailers,
railcars, and other wheeled cargo or vehicles, from and to specially adapted
ships. |
| SCHEDULE
B - Refers to schedule B statistical classification of domestic and
foreign commodities exported from the United States. |
| SEAL
- An individually numbered metal, plastic, or wire strip used to seal the
doors of a container for security or Customs purposes. |
| SHIPPER'S
EXPORT DECLARATION - A form required by the Treasury Department and
completed by the shipper or the US Principle Party of Interest (USPPI) showing
the value,weight,consignee, destination,etc of export shipments as well as the
Schedule B identification number |
| SHIPPER'S
LOAD AND COUNT (SLAC) - Standard bill of lading and manifest clause used
when containerized cargo is loaded and sealed by the shipper, and the piece
count in the container is not checked or otherwise verified by the carrier. |
| SHORTSHIPPED
- A shipment which was originally scheduled for a particular vessel/voyage
however, did not make the vessel. |
| SHUTOUT
- Cargo shortshipped by the carrier due to lack of space on the vessel,
usually due to overbooking. |
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| SPLIT
SHIPMENT - Multiple container load shipment booked for one vessel but
split and moved on one or more vessels. |
| STEVEDORE
- Individual or firm employing longshoremen for the purpose of loading and
unloading a vessel. individual, or firm employing longshoremen for the purpose
of loading and unloading a vessel. |
| STOWAGE
PLAN - Diagrammatic sketch of vessel showing location of cargo as stowed
in the vessel's hold(s). |
| STRAIGHT
BILL OF LADING - A non-negotiable transportation receipt that directs the
carrier to deliver the shipment to any authorized person at the destination
point. Such bills of lading must bear the clause 'straight bill of lading- not
negotiable'. |
| STRIPPING
- A term often used to denote the process of removing cargo from a container. |
| STUFFING
- A term often used to denote the process of loading cargo into a container. |
| TARE
WEIGHT - The weight of an empty container. |
| TARIFF -
A list of rates, additional charges, regulations, and requirements of a
carrier, port, or conference. Ocean tariffs are regulated by the Federal
Maritime Commission. Inland tariffs, as well as ocean tariffs to / from Puerto
Rico / U.S. Virgin Islands are regulated by the Surface Transportation Board.
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| TERMINAL
- 1. A berthside area where cargo is loaded to and discharged from vessels. 2.
A depot - usually inland - where containers are brought for stripping/storage. |
| TEU
- Twenty-foot equivalent unit. The common unit used in indicating the capacity
of a container vessel or terminal. A 40-foot container is equal to two TEU's. |
| TRANSIT
TIME - A time period for cargo to move between two points (i.e., from
shipper to consignee) |
| WHARFAGE
- A charge assessed by a pier or dock owner for handling incoming or outgoing
cargo. |
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